Actualización Reciente de Page Rank

December 31st, 2008

Esta mañana, al mirar las métricas de varios proyectos… he visto como Google ha efectuado la última actualización de PR del año (supongo :-))

Varios de los proyectos en los que participo… han incrementado su PR. En esta ocasión… solo 1 ha bajado !!

google.page.rank.explained

Alguien confirma la noticia ? Como os ha ido a vosotros ?

En fin… la siguiente… la esperamos de cara a Marzo.

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Bajada de CPMs a nivel Europeo en Adsense

December 11th, 2008

Una de las ventajas de estar trabajando en un proyecto GLOBAL es que puedes ver las tendencias en distintos países.

En ocasiones, observas ciertos comportamientos solo en España, mientras que en el resto de Europa no parece haber problemas. En otras, como ahora, los cambios o comportamientos se producen a nivel Europeo.

Total: Se confirma la bajada de CPM en AFS (Adsense for Search) en toda Europa.

En algunos proyectos, he denotado bajadas de hasta un 30%, mientras que en otros… la bajada ha sido menos dramatica.

google-adsense-check-corsarius

Es evidente que la crisis está llegando a los proyectos de Internet, y en especial a los revenues que Google ha ido ofreciendo hasta el momento mediante Google Adsense.

Vamos a tener que ser imaginativos para sacarle el máximo de partido a la "vaca" en estos tiempos de crisis.

Mientras tanto… aqui teneis algunos complementos a "adsense" por si quereis rentabilizar la pérdida que, seguramente,  ya estáis notando

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Global SEO. Duplicate content

December 2nd, 2008

Os adjunto parte de un artículo de Vanesa Fox (Ex Mano derecha de Mr. Cutts) en la que habla de SEO global y varios aspectos a tener en cuenta.

Vanesa estuvo moderando algunas de las sesiones del SMX UK y una de ellas trataba especificamente de este tema.

Francamente: Hay algunas afirmaciones muy interesantes, y algunas respuestas que muchos hemos estado intuyendo desde hace tiempo.

Por ejemplo: La localización del servidor SI importa :-) Grácias Vanesa por confirmar nuestra estratégia… Hace ya 3 años que emagister apostó por esta solución y al final… alguien muy afin al mundo de Google lo ha reconocido abiertamente.

Espero que sea de vuestro interés.

Nota: No os lo leais en vertical –> Merece la pena leerlo detenidamente (sobre todo aquellos que tengais sites en varios idiomas/paises)

How search engines determine the geographic intent of the searcher

Search engines try to display the most relevant results possible to a searcher. The language of the searcher, the searcher’s geographic location, way the searcher accesses the search engine, and language or regional intent in the query are all factors the search engines consider when determining relevance. Since queries are generally three to four words long, search engines use all the signals they can beyond the query to figure out what searchers are really looking for.

For instance, if a searcher is in Ireland searches for [airline booking], they’ll likely get a very different list of results than a searcher in the United States, as the results will skew towards Irish airlines. But this doesn’t just happen at the country level. If a searcher in Seattle searches for [pizza], they’ll likely get more Seattle-based pizza listings than a searcher in Boston would. And for Google in particular, a searcher who’s logged into a Google account and has set a default location in Google maps may get even more targeted results. Google has made this option more visible lately, and for queries they think may have local intent, they offer a zip code option:

In addition, a searcher will get get different results:

  • Searching google.fr from the US.
  • Searching google.fr from France.
  • Searching google.fr and choosing “French pages”
  • Searching google.fr and choosing “pages from France”

And, as you might imagine, including a geographic location in the query impacts results as well. A search for [restaurant in Dublin] returns different results than [restaurant], regardless of the other signals. And searching in a particular language will generally return results in that language. For instance, look at the results for the query [donde esta los cabos] from a US IP address on google.com:

So, to recap, some ways search engines determine regional intent include:

  • Domain accessed (google.co.uk vs. google.fr)
  • Language-restriction (only search French pages)
  • Country-restriction (only search pages in France)
  • Location of searcher (at the country level, as well as more local levels, such as the city)
  • Locational or language intent in the query
  • Searcher’s default location (such as set in Google Maps)
  • The language the query was composed in

Remember  that search engines make slight tweaks to their algorithms all the time as they test what changes improve results. As personalized search becomes more important, it would make sense that if a searcher generally clicks on results in a particular language or country, pages in that language or from that country may start to appear more often for that searcher.

Note that I’m mixing language and region together a bit for the purposes of this article, although they are, of course different. And issues can crop up because there’s not a one-to-one mapping between language and country. For instance, if someone is searching for Spanish pages, should a search engine return pages from both Mexico and Spain? (Probably if the query is language-specific but not regional; and perhaps search engines should use the country associated with the site as a signal for the language the site is in.) Conversely, if you have a site that targets Spanish speakers, do you need separate sites for both Mexico and Spain? (Maybe not if your content isn’t regional, but how then do you ensure your content is returned for searchers in both Mexico and Spain?)

How search engines determine the relevance of the page

Once a search engine decides what is relevant for the query, what signals from the pages come into play? They include the following:

  • Top-level domain (TLD): Many domains can only be used for a particular country. For instance, .fr always signifies a domain in France. TLD could potentially be used as a signal in determining language as well. a .fr domain is likely to have French content.Many domains, however, aren’t country-specific. .com, .net, and .org are well-known examples, but some countries allow their domains to be used by anyone. For instance, .tv is the TLD for Tuvalu, but that country has negotiated an agreement to make the TLD available for anyone ).The exception to the standard seems to be .us. While it’s intended for US-based domains, it hasn’t really taken off, and .com is much more commonly used.
  • Server location: For domains that are not country-specific (such as .com or .tv), search engines use the geographic location of the server where the site is hosted to determine country. For instance, a .com hosted in Canada is seen as a Canadian site and a .com hosted in Australia is seen as an Australian site.
  • Google Webmaster Tools setting: Google Webmaster Tools includes an option for specifying the geographic location of a site. This option isn’t available if the TLD is country-specific. This setting basically replaces the server hosting location signal. This option is useful not only because you can host your domain anywhere and still set a location, but also because you can set each subdomain and subfolder of your site separately, if you’d like. For instance, you can set es.mysite.com or mysite.com/es to Spain and uk.mysite.com or mysite.com/uk to the United Kingdom. The disadvantage to this solution is that it only works for Google.
  • Location of incoming links: If 90% of the incoming links to a site are from Germany, then search engines figure the site is German, or at the very least, of interest to German searchers.
  • Language of pages: Again, language is technically a different relevance factor than country, but the two go hand in hand. If a site is in French, then it’s likely a site from France. The biggest signal used here is probably (as you might imagine), the language of the text on the pages. This criteria isn’t foolproof. What if the page includes multiple languages, for instance? The meta data and character encoding can help here. For instance, if you are translating your English pages into other languages, don’t forget to translate your title tag and meta description tag as well.
  • Address: For local queries (for instance, that [pizza] query from a Seattle searcher, search engines might use the physical address it finds on the page, as well as any information from the search engine’s local index (for example, Google’s Local Business Center). If your site is for a local business, make sure you include your full address and register with each engine’s local index.Even if your site isn’t specifically for a local business, you may want to include regional signals on your site. For instance, if your site is windycityrestaurantreviews.com, and you have a page about each Chicago restaurant, you might assume that anyone coming to the site understands the context is Chicago, and that you don’t need to include “Chicago, IL” in each restaurant’s address. However, when a search engine sees “Joe’s Pizza, 123 Main St.”, there’s no indication that this restaurant is in Chicago. This can cause a usability issue with visitors coming to the site from search as well. Those visitors aren’t coming to the page from the home page that may say “Reviews of all Chicago Restaurants”. They may go directly from search to the page about Joe’s Pizza, and would need confirmation that 123 Main St. is indeed in Chicago.

How should  a site owner architect a geographically targeted site?

Ideally, a company should maintain separate sites for each country, each with the correct TLD. When you do this, search engines can easily determine which page to show for searchers in different countries.

What about duplicate content?

Even if the content is the same across each site, you don’t need to worry about duplicate content. Remember that search engines generally don’t penalize for duplicate content, they filter. And in this case, filtering is exactly what you want. You want the search engine to show the UK page to searchers in the UK and filter out the US page. And that’s what search engines typically do.

If you are targeting only one country and have the .com rather than the correct TLD, make sure it’s hosted in the target country. (Check with your hosting company, if you use one, to verify where the server is actually located.)

Sounds easy enough, but this solution doesn’t work for everyone. You may not be able to get the TLD for every country you operate in, or for other infrastructure-related reasons, you may need to host all the content on the same domain. In that case, I would recommend the following:

  • Putting content for each country on a subdomain or subfolder. (Either is fine; but  if you’re starting from scratch and have a choice, I’d generally suggest going with a subdomain.)
  • Ensuring all content (including title tag and meta description) is localized.
  • Focusing on regional link-building efforts. For instance, make sure that your PR team is targeting newspapers in local regions, not just near the corporate office.
  • Including location-specific terms in internal anchor text. For instance, you might want to create an HTML site map that links to each country’s “home page” on the domain.
More strength in one domain?

At SMX London, there was some debate about if it was better to have a single domain for all countries to consolidate PageRank, and if multiple domains (one for each country) would dilute the overall strength.  Remember that relevance is a critical factor for search engine ranking and PageRank alone doesn’t equal relevance.  A page that is deemed highly relevant for a query, but has low PageRank is going to rank above a page that has high PageRank but has low relevance.

With that in mind, TLD is a strong relevance factor for results in a particular country. As for the argument that it’s more work to build links to multiple sites than to one, I content it’s around the same, since even if you had the country-specific information on subdomains or in subfolders instead, you’d still want to build regional links to each. So, I would generally recommend TLDs if you can get them.

However, if you have a .com (for instance), with separate subdomains that you’ve been maintaining for a period of time, it probably makes sense to leave things as is and consider the other relevance factors (regional links, language of content, etc.). If you radically change your site structure (for instance, from subdomains to separate TLDs), you’ll need to have the content recrawled, reindexed, and reranked, and may need to change user perception, branding, link building efforts, among other things. And that may take some time. In a situation like this, I would recommend changing only if you’re having substantial problems getting the right content to be returned for the right country indices.

What about targeting multiple countries?

What if you want results returned to everyone? Or you have German content you want returned in Germany, Switzerland, and Austria? Unfortunately, there’s no perfect solution. In some cases, you’ll have to rely on the search engines to understand what results your pages are relevant for, but keep in mind that a more specific site may be seen as more relevant.

In some cases, other sites may be more relevant. For instance, if you have a US site in English that targets tourists worldwide, your content won’t be shown to searchers in France who select “only French pages”. And even if searchers don’t filter using that option, a site that has created content in French, targeted to tourists in France who are planning a visit to the US is likely to be seen as more relevant than your site targeting the world.

What about IP-Targeting?

Some sites detect the location of the visitor based on IP address, and redirect them to a country (or other location)-specific page. While this seems to be a user-friendly solution, some issues exist:

  • The location may be incorrect. For instance, many AOL users appear to be coming from Virginia.
  • The searcher may want a different location. For instance, when I was in Zurich, I still wanted the US Hertz site, but Hertz sent me to the Swiss site automatically and gave me no options for navigating elsewhere.
  • Search engines need unique URLs in order to index content separately.
  • Search engines crawl your site from a particular location, but you want all locations indexed.

If you have your site set to detect a visitor’s location and show content based on that, I would recommend the following:

  • Serve a unique URL for distinct content. For instance, don’t show English content to US visitors on mysite.com and French content to French visitors on mysite.com. Instead, redirect English visitors to mysite.com/en and French visitors to mysite.com/fr. T hat way search engines can index the French content using the mysite.com/fr URL and can index English content using the mysite.com/en URL.
  • Provide links to enable visitors (and seach engines) to access other language/country content. For instance, if I’m in Zurich, you might redirect me to the Swiss page, but provide a link to the US version of the page. Or, simply present visitors with a home page that enables them to choose the country. You can always store the selection in a cookie so vistors are redirected automatically after the first time.

Google isn’t the only search engine

Of course, Google and Yahoo and Live aren’t the only search engines. If you’re targeting other countries, research who the dominant search players are there and how to best optimize for them. Mona Elesseily recently wrote an article on Search Engine Land about international search markets, and while she was focusing on paid search, the players and numbers are similar for organic search.

An international strategy is about more than targeting

Of course, a lot more goes into creating localized content. You should localize, not just translate, the content. Searcher behavior and customer needs may be different from country to country. Even simple phrasing may be slightly different. Different PR efforts may be need to build awareness and links. Hopefully, this article can help sort out some of the issues that arise when planning a global site strategy, but it’s certainly only a starting point.

More information

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El bounce rate importa en el posicionamiento

November 25th, 2008

Hace ya mucho tiempo que se habla de este factor. La verdad es que todos sospechavamos esto… pero recientemente SEO BlackHat ha realizado una série de tests que demuestran en parte esta afirmación.

Después de ver este post… he realizado algunas pruebas… y creo poder afirmar que también he reproducido un comportamiento similar.

Sea como sea, Google lo mide… lo tiene en cuenta y es un factor importante.

¿ No creeis que toca revisar Bounce Rates en vuestros portales ?

Diminuindo bounce rates

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New Yahoo! Algo Update

November 23rd, 2008

Nuevo algo update en Yahoo! anunciado el 21/11/2008.

We’ll be rolling out some changes to our crawling, indexing and ranking algorithms over the next few days and expect the update will be completed soon. As you know, throughout this process you may see some ranking changes and page shuffling in the index.
To share your thoughts or check in with other Yahoo! Search users, please visit the Site Explorer Suggestion Board.

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Google Insight Search

November 14th, 2008

Estos días hemos estado en el Eurplex (Dublin), en Google, asistiendo a un evento que Google ha organizado. Lo han llamado esta vez “Google Insight Search”.

Al entrar, firmamos un documento de confidencialidad :-) Por lo que, mientras no aclare si es posible o no publicar algún contenido… os adjunto unas fotos como aperitivo.

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Show organizado durante la cena. La verdad es que fué muy divertido.

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Albert Ribera y Javi Martinez discutiendo sobre no se que portal :-)

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Javi Martinez haciendo uso de uno de los tantos MACs disponibles en la zona del evento. Detrás Google Earth proyectado en la pared visualizando varios lugares del mundo.

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Varios panfletos referenciando a grandes figuras del mundo de Internet.

En fin: Como siempre un placer estar por Dublin y poder charlar con varios de los de “siempre”.

(Nota: Aunque ha estado muy bién, hemos perdido el vuelo de vuelta a Barcelona y tendremos que pasar noche en Dublin hasta mañana (o sea, sabado). Isabel: No te sientas mal, pero ya te he dicho que no llegábamos !!)

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El efecto 207

November 14th, 2008

Estos días he estado en Dublin, asistiendo a un Evento organizado por Google llamado “Google Insight Search”. El objetivo de este post no es contaros nada de SEO, ni de SEM… ni tampoco de los temas habituales de los que suelo hablar.

En realidad… solo es para publicar esta foto:

IMG_0017

Simplemente, aunque no os lo creáis :-) es el numero de la plaza de parking del aeropuerto. Efectivamente: Solo es para recordar donde lo he dejado a mi vuelta… y evitarme esas busquedas intensas a la llegada a Barcelona.

Lo curioso del caso es que, aunque a mi no me lo parece, han habido 2 personas que me han dicho que es una foto muy buena.

La verdad es que, al decirlo… yo solo respondí: Tio: Es solo la plaza del parking del aeropuerto :-? !! pero insistieron en que tenía algo.

No se: Yo sigo si verle nada especial… pero me ha hecho gracia.

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LinkBuilding profile analysis

November 14th, 2008

En muchas ocasiones, ya he mencionado la importancia de realizar estudios sistemáticos del perfil de linkbuilding para cualquier tipo de portal.

No solo es necesario realizar este estudio para los links externos: También merece la pena estudiar el perfil de links interno, que de por si, nos permiten reafirmar nuestra estratégia de una manera muy efectiva.

Los parámetros mas importantes a analizar (almenos son los que yo analizo de manera recurrente) son:

Numero de páginas por nivel desde la home

Logicamente, nuestro objetivo debería ser tener tantas páginas como fuera posible en los niveles superiores… y minimizar el numero de páginas que recaen en niveles 5 o inferior.

Google da mas relevancia a una página mas cerca de la home (por ejemplo nivel 2) que otra que este en un nivel mas profundo (por ejemplo a 6 niveles de la home).

Por este motivo es importante estudiar sistematicamente que distribución de niveles tenemos en todo momento.

Densidad de links contra una página

Deberíamos intentar distribuir los links interiores de manera óptima. Esto significa que, por ejemplo, no podemos generar 1.000.000 contra una página… y solo 2 contra otra.

Evidentemente el resultado no será el mismo :-O)

Adicionalmente: Google no suele tener en cuenta mas de un centenar de links contra una landing page en concreto. Por lo tanto: Por que desperdiciar todo este potencial ?

Promedio/Max inLinks, Promedio/Max Outlinks

Es una medida para ver tendéncias. No dice demasiado, pero al mismo tiempo dice mucho :-)

Hay que interpretarla… y en general, depende mucho del tipo de portal y la estratégia utilizada.

Total URLS analyzed: 575
Max Links In: 3131
Avg Links In : 48
Max Links Out: 69
Avg Links Out: 26
HTTP 200: 575
HTTP 500: 0
HTTP 403: 0
HTTP 404: 0
% Urls ok: 100
Avg Ping Time: 38
Max Ping Time: 977
Avg Get Time: 527

Densidad total de enlaces

Es otro parámetro que hay que controlar. En general, Google interioriza demasiado bién páginas con mas de 100 links (hay quien dice que no tiene en cuenta mas de 100 links)

Por este motivo, merece la pena verificar que no tenemos un ratio de páginas con mas de 100 links superior a un porcentaje concreto.

La verdad es que este ejemplo es solo el principio de un análisis de linkbuilding interno, pero es muy necesario realizarlo antes de entrar a evaluar otros aspectos del portal.

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Google SEO Starter Guide

November 14th, 2008

Google ha preparado un documento muy útil para aquellos webmasters que empiezan en estos días sus andaduras en esto de In ternet… pero que sirve también para aquellos que llevan ya algo de tiempo.

No veo nada nuevo, pero es un buen punto de partida. Ya os avanzo que es de nivel básico (aunque esto no significa que no tenga valor !!)

Search Engine Optimization Starter Guide

Welcome to Google’s Search Engine Optimization Starter Guide. This document first began as an effort to help teams within Google, but we thought it’d be just as useful to webmasters that are new to the topic of search engine optimization and wish to improve their sites’ interaction with both users and search engines. Although this guide won’t tell you any secrets that’ll automatically rank your site first for queries in Google (sorry!), following the best practices outlined below will make it easier for search engines to both crawl and index your content.

Search engine optimization is often about making small modifications to parts of your website. When viewed individually, these changes might seem like incremental improvements, but when combined with other optimizations, they could have a noticeable impact on your site’s user experience and performance in organic search results. You’re likely already familiar with many of the topics in this guide, because they’re essential ingredients for any webpage, but you may not be making the most out of them.

clip_image001

Search engine optimization affects only organic search results, not paid or “sponsored” results, such as Google AdWords

Even though this guide’s title contains the words “search engine”, we’d like to say that you should base your optimization decisions first and foremost on what’s best for the visitors of your site. They’re the main consumers of your content and are using search engines to find your work. Focusing too hard on specific tweaks to gain ranking in the organic results of search engines may not deliver the desired results. Search engine optimization is about putting your site’s best foot forward when it comes to visibility in search engines.

An example may help our explanations, so we’ve created a fictitious website to follow throughout the guide. For each topic, we’ve fleshed out enough information about the site to illustrate the point being covered. Here’s some background information about the site we’ll use:

• Website/business name: “Brandon’s Baseball Cards”

• Domain name: brandonsbaseballcards.com

• Focus: Online-only baseball card sales, price guides, articles, and news content

• Size: Small, ~250 pages

Your site may be smaller or larger than this and offer vastly different content, but the optimization topics we discussed below should apply to sites of all sizes and types.

We hope our guide gives you some fresh ideas on how to improve your website, and we’d love to hear your questions, feedback, and success stories in the Google Webmaster Help Group.

Create unique, accurate page titles

A title tag tells both users and search engines what the topic of a particular page is. The <title> tag should be placed within the <head> tag of the HTML document. Ideally, you should create a unique title for each page on your site.

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The title of the homepage for our baseball card site, which lists the business name and three main focus areas

If your document appears in a search results page, the contents of the title tag will usually appear in the first line of the results (If you’re unfamiliar with the different parts of a Google search result, you might want to check out the anatomy of a search result video by Google engineer Matt Cutts, and this helpful diagram of a Google search results page.) Words in the title are bolded if they appear in the user’s search query. This can help users recognize if the page is likely to be relevant to their search.

The title for your homepage can list the name of your website/business and could include other bits of important information like the physical location of the business or maybe a few of its main focuses or offerings.

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A user performs the query [baseball cards]

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Our homepage shows up as a result, with the title listed on the first line (notice that the query terms the user searched for appear in bold)

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If the user clicks the result and visits the page, the page’s title will appear at the top of the browser

Titles for deeper pages on your site should accurately describe the focus of that particular page and also might include your site or business name.

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A user performs the query [rarest baseball cards]

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A relevant, deeper page (its title is unique to the content of the page) on our site appears as a

result

Good practices for page title tags

Accurately describe the page’s content - Choose a title that effectively communicates the

topic of the page’s content. Avoid:

• choosing a title that has no relation to the content on the page

• using default or vague titles like “Untitled” or “New Page 1″

Create unique title tags for each page -Each of your pages should ideally have a unique

title tag, which helps Google know how the page is distinct from the others on your site. Avoid:

• using a single title tag across all of your site’s pages or a large group of pages

Use brief, but descriptive titles -Titles can be both short and informative. If the title is too

long, Google will show only a portion of it in the search result. Avoid:

• using extremely lengthy titles that are unhelpful to users

• stuffing unneeded keywords in your title tags

Make use of the “description” meta tag

A page’s description meta tag gives Google and other search engines a summary of what the page is about. Whereas a page’s title may be a few words or a phrase, a page’s description meta tag might be a sentence or two or a short paragraph. Google Webmaster Tools provides a handy content analysis section that’ll tell you about any description meta tags that are either too short, long, or duplicated too many times (the same information is also shown for <title> tags). Like the <title> tag, the description meta tag is placed within the <head> tag of your HTML document.

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The beginning of the description meta tag for our homepage, which gives a brief overview of

the site’s offerings

Description meta tags are important because Google might use them as snippets for your pages. Note that we say “might” because Google may choose to use a relevant section of your page’s visible text if it does a good job of matching up with a user’s query. Alternatively, Google might use your site’s description in the Open Directory Project if your site is listed there (learn how to prevent search engines from displaying ODP data). Adding description meta tags to each of your pages is always a good practice in case Google cannot find a good selection of text to use in the snippet. The Webmaster Central Blog has an informative post on improving snippets with better description meta tags.

Snippets appear under a page’s title and above a page’s URL in a search result.

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A user performs the query [baseball cards]

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Our homepage appears as a result, with part of its description meta tag used as the snippet

Words in the snippet are bolded when they appear in the user’s query. This gives the user clues about whether the content on the page matches with what he or she is looking for. Below is another example, this time showing a snippet from a description meta tag on a deeper page (which ideally has its own unique description meta tag) containing an article.

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A user performs the query [rarest baseball cards]

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One of our deeper pages, with its unique description meta tag used as the snippet, appears as a result

Good practices for description meta tags

Accurately summarize the page’s content - Write a description that would both inform and

interest users if they saw your description meta tag as a snippet in a search result. Avoid:

• writing a description meta tag that has no relation to the content on the page

• using generic descriptions like “This is a webpage” or “Page about baseball cards”

• filling the description with only keywords

• copy and pasting the entire content of the document into the description meta tag

Use unique descriptions for each page -Having a different description meta tag for each page helps both users and Google, especially in searches where users may bring up multiple pages on your domain (e.g. searches using the site: operator). If your site has thousands or even millions of pages, hand-crafting description meta tags probably isn’t feasible. In this case, you could automatically generate description meta tags based on each page’s content.

Avoid:

• using a single description meta tag across all of your site’s pages or a large group of pages

Improve the structure of your URLs

Creating descriptive categories and filenames for the documents on your website can not only help you keep your site better organized, but it could also lead to better crawling of your documents by

search engines. Also, it can create easier, “friendlier” URLs for those that want to link to your content. Visitors may be intimidated by extremely long and cryptic URLs that contain few recognizable words.

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A URL to a page on our baseball card site that a user might have a hard time with

URLs like these can be confusing and unfriendly. Users would have a hard time reciting the URL from memory or creating a link to it. Also, users may believe that a portion of the URL is unnecessary, especially if the URL shows many unrecognizable parameters. They might leave off a part, breaking the link.

Some users might link to your page using the URL of that page as the anchor text. If your URL contains relevant words, this provides users and search engines with more information about the page than an ID or oddly named parameter would.

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The highlighted words above could inform a user or search engine what the target page is about before following the link

Lastly, remember that the URL to a document is displayed as part of a search result in Google, below the document’s title and snippet. Like the title and snippet, words in the URL on the search result appear in bold if they appear in the user’s query.

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A user performs the query [baseball cards]

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Our homepage appears as a result, with the URL listed under the title and snippet

Below is another example showing a URL on our domain for a page containing an article about the rarest baseball cards. The words in the URL might appeal to a search user more than an ID number like “www.brandonsbaseballcards.com/article/102125/” would.

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A user performs the query [rarest baseball cards]

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A deeper page, with a URL that reflects the type of content found on it, appears as a result

Google is good at crawling all types of URL structures, even if they’re quite complex, but spending the time to make your URLs as simple as possible for both users and search engines can help. Some webmasters try to achieve this by rewriting their dynamic URLs to static ones; while Google is fine with this, we’d like to note that this is an advanced procedure and if done incorrectly, could cause crawling issues with your site. To learn even more about good URL structure, we recommend this Webmaster Help Center page on creating Google-friendly URLs.

Good practices for URL structure

Use words in URLs -URLs with words that are relevant to your site’s content and structure are friendlier for visitors navigating your site. Visitors remember them better and might be more willing to link to them.

Avoid:

• using lengthy URLs with unnecessary parameters and session IDs

• choosing generic page names like “page1.html”

• using excessive keywords like “baseball-cards-baseball-cards-baseball­cards.htm”

Create a simple directory structure - Use a directory structure that organizes your content well and is easy for visitors to know where they’re at on your site. Try using your directory structure to indicate the type of content found at that URL.

Avoid:

• having deep nesting of subdirectories like “…/dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4/dir5/dir6/ page.html”

• using directory names that have no relation to the content in them

Provide one version of a URL to reach a document -To prevent users from linking to one version of a URL and others linking to a different version (this could split the reputation of that content between the URLs), focus on using and referring to one URL in the structure and internal linking of your pages. If you do find that people are accessing the same content through multiple URLs, setting up a 301 redirect from non-preferred URLs to the dominant URL is a good solution for this.

Avoid:

• having pages from subdomains and the root directory (e.g. “domain.com/ page.htm” and “sub.domain.com/page.htm”) access the same content

• mixing www. and non-www. versions of URLs in your internal linking structure

• using odd capitalization of URLs (many users expect lower-case URLs and remember them better)

Make your site easier to navigate

The navigation of a website is important in helping visitors quickly find the content they want. It can also help search engines understand what content the webmaster thinks is important. Although Google’s search results are provided at a page level, Google also likes to have a sense of what role a page plays in the bigger picture of the site.

All sites have a home or “root” page, which is usually the most frequented page on the site and the starting place of navigation for many visitors. Unless your site has only a handful of pages, you should think about how visitors will go from a general page (your root page) to a page containing more specific content. Do you have enough pages around a specific topic area that it would make sense to create a page describing these related pages (e.g. root page -> related topic listing -> specific topic)? Do you have hundreds of different products that need to be classified under multiple category and subcategory pages?

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The directory structure for our small website on baseball cards

A sitemap (lower-case) is a simple page on your site that displays the structure of your website, and usually consists of a hierarchical listing of the pages on your site. Visitors may visit this page if they are having problems finding pages on your site. While search engines will also visit this page, getting good crawl coverage of the pages on your site, it’s mainly aimed at human visitors.

An XML Sitemap (upper-case) file, which you can submit through Google’s Webmaster Tools, makes it easier for Google to discover the pages on your site. Using a Sitemap file is also one way (though not guaranteed) to tell Google which version of a URL you’d prefer as the canonical one (e.g. http://brandonsbaseballcards.com/ or http://www.brandonsbaseballcards.com/; more on what’s a preferred domain). Google helped create the open source Sitemap Generator script to help you create a Sitemap file for your site. To learn more about Sitemaps, the Webmaster Help Center provides a useful guide to Sitemap files.

Good practices for site navigation

Create a naturally flowing hierarchy -Make it as easy as possible for users to go from general content to the more specific content they want on your site. Add navigation pages when it makes sense and effectively work these into your internal link structure.

Avoid:

• creating complex webs of navigation links, e.g. linking every page on your site to every other page

• going overboard with slicing and dicing your content (it takes twenty clicks to get to deep content)

Use mostly text for navigation -Controlling most of the navigation from page to page on your site through text links makes it easier for search engines to crawl and understand your site. Many users also prefer this over other approaches, especially on some devices that might not handle Flash or JavaScript.

Avoid:

• having a navigation based entirely on drop-down menus, images, or animations (many, but not all, search engines can discover such links on a site, but if a user can reach all pages on a site via normal text links, this will improve the accessibility of your site; more on how Google deals with non-text files)

Use “breadcrumb” navigation - A breadcrumb is a row of internal links at the top or bottom of the page that allows visitors to quickly navigate back to a previous section or the root page. Many breadcrumbs have the most general page (usually the root page) as the first, left-most link and list the more specific sections out to the right.

Put an HTML sitemap page on your site, and use an XML Sitemap file - A simple sitemap page with links to all of the pages or the most important pages (if you have hundreds or thousands) on your site can be useful. Creating an XML Sitemap file for your site helps ensure that search engines discover the pages on your site.

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Breadcrumb links appearing on a deeper article page on our site

Avoid:

• letting your HTML sitemap page become out of date with broken links

• creating an HTML sitemap that simply lists pages without organizing them, for example by subject

Consider what happens when a user removes part of your URL - Some users might navigate your site in odd ways, and you should anticipate this. For example, instead of using the breadcrumb links on the page, a user might drop off a part of the URL in the hopes of finding more general content. He or she might be visiting http://www.brandonsbaseballcards.com/news/2008/upcoming-baseball-card-shows.htm, but then enter http://www.brandonsbaseballcards.com/news/2008/ into the browser’s address bar, believing that this will show all news from 2008. Is your site prepared to show content in this situation or will it give the user a 404 (”page not found” error)? What about moving up a directory level to http://www.brandonsbaseballcards.com/news/?

Have a useful 404 page - Users will occasionally come to a page that doesn’t exist on your site, either by following a broken link or typing in the wrong URL. Having a custom 404 page that kindly guides users back to a working page on your site can greatly improve a user’s experience. Your 404 page should probably have a link back to your root page and could also provide links to popular or related content on your site. Google provides a 404 widget that you can embed in your 404 page to automatically populate it with many useful features. You can also use Google Webmaster Tools to find the sources of URLs causing “not found” errors.

Avoid:

• allowing your 404 pages to be indexed in search engines (make sure that your webserver is configured to give a 404 HTTP status code when non-existent pages are requested)

• providing only a vague message like “Not found”, “404″, or no 404 page at all

• using a design for your 404 pages that isn’t consistent with the rest of your site

Offer quality content and services

Creating compelling and useful content will likely influence your website more than any of the other factors discussed here. Users know good content when they see it and will likely want to direct other users to it. This could be through blog posts, social media services, email, forums, or other means. Organic or word-of-mouth buzz is what helps build your site’s reputation with both users and Google, and it rarely comes without quality content.

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A blogger finds a piece of your content, likes it, and then references it in a blog post

While the content you create could be on any topic imaginable, here are some recommended best practices:

Good practices for content

Write easy-to-read text - Users enjoy content that is well written and easy to follow. Avoid:

• writing sloppy text with many spelling and grammatical mistakes

• embedding text in images for textual content (users may want to copy and paste the text and search engines can’t read it)

Stay organized around the topic - It’s always beneficial to organize your content so that visitors have a good sense of where one content topic begins and another ends. Breaking your content up into logical chunks or divisions helps users find the content they want faster.

Avoid:

• dumping large amounts of text on varying topics onto a page without paragraph, subheading, or layout separation

Use relevant language - Think about the words that a user might search for to find a piece of your content. Users who know a lot about the topic might use different keywords in their search queries than someone who is new to the topic. For example, a long-time baseball fan might search for [nlcs], an acronym for the National League Championship Series, while a new fan might use a more general query like [baseball playoffs]. Anticipating these differences in search behavior and accounting for them while writing your content (using a good mix of keyword phrases) could produce positive results. Google AdWords provides a handy Keyword Tool that helps you discover new keyword variations and see the approximate search volume for each keyword. Also, Google Webmaster Tools provides you with the top search queries your site appears for and the ones that led the most users to your site.

Create fresh, unique content - New content will not only keep your existing visitor base

coming back, but also bring in new visitors. Avoid:

• rehashing (or even copying) existing content that will bring little extra value to users

• having duplicate or near-duplicate versions of your content across your site (more on duplicate content)

Offer exclusive content or services - Consider creating a new, useful service that no other site offers. You could also write an original piece of research, break an exciting news story, or leverage your unique user base. Other sites may lack the resources or expertise to do these things.

Create content primarily for your users, not search engines - Designing your site around your visitors’ needs while making sure your site is easily accessible to search engines usually produces positive results.

Avoid:

• inserting numerous unnecessary keywords aimed at search engines but are annoying or nonsensical to users

• having blocks of text like “frequent misspellings used to reach this page” that add little value for users

• deceptively hiding text from users, but displaying it to search engines

Write better anchor text

Anchor text is the clickable text that users will see as a result of a link, and is placed within the anchor tag <a href=”…”></a>.

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This anchor text accurately describes the content on one of our article pages

This text tells users and Google something about the page you’re linking to. Links on your page may be internal—pointing to other pages on your site—or external—leading to content on other sites. In either of these cases, the better your anchor text is, the easier it is for users to navigate and for Google to understand what the page you’re linking to is about.

Good practices for anchor text

Choose descriptive text - The anchor text you use for a link should provide at least a basic

idea of what the page linked to is about. Avoid:

• writing generic anchor text like “page”, “article”, or “click here”

• using text that is off-topic or has no relation to the content of the page linked to

• using the page’s URL as the anchor text in most cases (although there are certainly legitimate uses of this, such as promoting or referencing a new website’s address)

Write concise text - Aim for short but descriptive text—usually a few words or a short

phrase. Avoid:

• writing long anchor text, such as a lengthy sentence or short paragraph of text

Format links so they’re easy to spot -Make it easy for users to distinguish between regular text and the anchor text of your links. Your content becomes less useful if users miss the links or accidentally click them.

Avoid:

• using CSS or text styling that make links look just like regular text

Think about anchor text for internal links too -You may usually think about linking in terms of pointing to outside websites, but paying more attention to the anchor text used for internal links can help users and Google navigate your site better.

Avoid:

• using excessively keyword-filled or lengthy anchor text just for search engines

• creating unnecessary links that don’t help with the user’s navigation of the site

Use heading tags appropriately

Heading tags (not to be confused with the <head> HTML tag or HTTP headers) are used to present structure on the page to users. There are six sizes of heading tags, beginning with <h1>, the most important, and ending with <h6>, the least important.

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On a page containing a news story, we might put the name of our site into an <h1> tag and the

topic of the story into an <h2> tag

Since heading tags typically make text contained in them larger than normal text on the page, this is a visual cue to users that this text is important and could help them understand something about the type of content underneath the heading text. Multiple heading sizes used in order create a hierarchical structure for your content, making it easier for users to navigate through your document.

Good practices for heading tags

Imagine you’re writing an outline - Similar to writing an outline for a large paper, put some thought into what the main points and sub-points of the content on the page will be and decide where to use heading tags appropriately.

Avoid:

• placing text in heading tags that wouldn’t be helpful in defining the structure of the page

• using heading tags where other tags like <em> and <strong> may be more appropriate

• erratically moving from one heading tag size to another

Use headings sparingly across the page -Use heading tags where it makes sense. Too many heading tags on a page can make it hard for users to scan the content and determine where one topic ends and another begins.

Avoid:

• excessively using heading tags throughout the page

• putting all of the page’s text into a heading tag

• using heading tags only for styling text and not presenting structure

Optimize your use of images

Images may seem like a straightforward component of your site, but you can optimize your use of them. All images can have a distinct filename and “alt” attribute, both of which you should take advantage of.

The “alt” attribute allows you to specify alternative text for the image if it cannot be displayed for some reason.

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Our alt text here is a brief but accurate description of the image

Why use this attribute? If a user is viewing your site on a browser that doesn’t support images, or is using alternative technologies, such as a screen reader, the contents of the alt attribute provide information about the picture.

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Our image wasn’t displayed to the user for some reason, but at least the alt text was

Another reason is that if you’re using an image as a link, the alt text for that image will be treated similarly to the anchor text of a text link. However, we don’t recommend using too many images for links in your site’s navigation when text links could serve the same purpose. Lastly, optimizing your image filenames and alt text makes it easier for image search projects like Google Image Search to better understand your images.

Good practices for images

Use brief, but descriptive filenames and alt text - Like many of the other parts of the page targeted for optimization, filenames and alt text (for ASCII languages) are best when they’re short, but descriptive.

Avoid:

• using generic filenames like “image1.jpg”, “pic.gif”, “1.jpg” when possible (some sites with thousands of images might consider automating the naming of images)

• writing extremely lengthy filenames

• stuffing keywords into alt text or copying and pasting entire sentences

Supply alt text when using images as links - If you do decide to use an image as a link, filling out its alt text helps Google understand more about the page you’re linking to. Imagine that you’re writing anchor text for a text link.

Avoid:

• writing excessively long alt text that would be considered spammy

• using only image links for your site’s navigation

Store images in a directory of their own - Instead of having image files spread out in numerous directories and subdirectories across your domain, consider consolidating your images into a single directory (e.g. brandonsbaseballcards.com/images/). This simplifies the path to your images.

Use commonly supported filetypes - Most browsers support JPEG, GIF, PNG, and BMP image formats. It’s also a good idea to have the extension of your filename match with the filetype.

Make effective use of robots.txt

A “robots.txt” file tells search engines whether they can access and therefore crawl parts of your site. This file, which must be named “robots.txt”, is placed in the root directory of your site.

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The address of our robots.txt file

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All compliant search engine bots (denoted by the wildcard * symbol) shouldn’t access and

crawl the content under /images/ or any URL whose path begins with /search

You may not want certain pages of your site crawled because they might not be useful to users if found in a search engine’s search results. If you do want to prevent search engines from crawling your pages, Google Webmaster Tools has a friendly robots.txt generator to help you create this file. Note that if your site uses subdomains and you wish to have certain pages not crawled on a particular subdomain, you’ll have to create a separate robots.txt file for that subdomain. For more information on robots.txt, we suggest this Webmaster Help Center guide on using robots.txt files.

There are a handful of other ways to prevent content appearing in search results, such as adding “NOINDEX” to your robots meta tag, using .htaccess to password protect directories, and using Google Webmaster Tools to remove content that has already been crawled. Google engineer Matt Cutts walks through the caveats of each URL blocking method in a helpful video.

Good practices for robots.txt

Use more secure methods for sensitive content - You shouldn’t feel comfortable using robots.txt to block sensitive or confidential material. One reason is that search engines could still reference the URLs you block (showing just the URL, no title or snippet) if there happen to be links to those URLs somewhere on the Internet (like referrer logs). Also, non-compliant or rogue search engines that don’t acknowledge the Robots Exclusion Standard could disobey the instructions of your robots.txt. Finally, a curious user could examine the directories or subdirectories in your robots.txt file and guess the URL of the content that you

don’t want seen. Encrypting the content or password-protecting it with .htaccess are more

secure alternatives.

Avoid:

• allowing search result-like pages to be crawled (users dislike leaving one search result page and landing on another search result page that doesn’t add significant value for them)

• allowing a large number of auto-generated pages with the same or only slightly different content to be crawled: “Should these 100,000 near-duplicate pages really be in a search engine’s index?”

• allowing URLs created as a result of proxy services to be crawled

Be aware of rel=”nofollow” for links

Setting the value of the “rel” attribute of a link to “nofollow” will tell Google that certain links on your site shouldn’t be followed or pass your page’s reputation to the pages linked to. Nofollowing a link is adding rel=”nofollow” inside of the link’s anchor tag.

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If you link to a site that you don’t trust and don’t want to pass your site’s reputation to, use

nofollow

When would this be useful? If your site has a blog with public commenting turned on, links within those comments could pass your reputation to pages that you may not be comfortable vouching for. Blog comment areas on pages are highly susceptible to comment spam. Nofollowing these user-added links ensures that you’re not giving your page’s hard-earned reputation to a spammy site. Many blogging software packages automatically nofollow user comments, but those that don’t can most likely be manually edited to do this. This advice also goes for other areas of your site that may involve user-generated content, such as guestbooks, forums, shout-boards, referrer listings, etc. If you’re willing to vouch for links added by third parties (e.g. if a commenter is trusted on your site), then there’s no need to use nofollow on links; however, linking to sites that Google considers spammy can affect the reputation of your own site. The Webmaster Help Center has more tips on avoiding comment spam, like using CAPTCHAs and turning on comment moderation.

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A comment spammer leaves a message on one of our news posts, hoping to get some of our

site’s reputation

Another use of nofollow is when you’re writing content and wish to reference a website, but don’t want to pass your reputation on to it. For example, imagine that you’re writing a blog post on the topic of comment spamming and you want to call out a site that recently comment spammed your blog. You want to warn others of the site, so you include the link to it in your content; however, you certainly don’t want to give the site some of your reputation from your link. This would be a good time to use nofollow.

Lastly, if you’re interested in nofollowing all of the links on a page, you can use “nofollow” in your robots meta tag, which is placed inside the <head> tag of that page’s HTML. The Webmaster Central Blog provides a helpful post on using the robots meta tag. This method is written as <meta name=”robots” content=”nofollow”>.

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This nofollows all of the links on a page

Promote your website in the right ways

While most of the links to your site will be gained gradually, as people discover your content through search or other ways and link to it, Google understands that you’d like to let others know about the hard work you’ve put into your content. Effectively promoting your new content will lead to faster discovery by those who are interested in the same subject. As with most points covered in this document, taking these recommendations to an extreme could actually harm the reputation of your site.

Good practices for promoting your website

Blog about new content or services - A blog post on your own site letting your visitor base know that you added something new is a great way to get the word out about new content or services. Other webmasters who follow your site or RSS feed could pick the story up as well.

Don’t forget about offline promotion - Putting effort into the offline promotion of your company or site can also be rewarding. For example, if you have a business site, make sure its URL is listed on your business cards, letterhead, posters, etc. You could also send out recurring newsletters to clients through the mail letting them know about new content on the company’s website.

Know about social media sites - Sites built around user interaction and sharing have made

it easier to match interested groups of people up with relevant content. Avoid:

• attempting to promote each new, small piece of content you create; go for big, interesting items

• involving your site in schemes where your content is artificially promoted to the top of these services

Add your business to Google’s Local Business Center - If you run a local business, adding its information to Google’s Local Business Center will help you reach customers on Google Maps and web search. The Webmaster Help Center has more tips on promoting your local business.

Reach out to those in your site’s related community - Chances are, there are a number of sites that cover topic areas similar to yours. Opening up communication with these sites is usually beneficial. Hot topics in your niche or community could spark additional ideas for content or building a good community resource.

Avoid:

• spamming link requests out to all sites related to your topic area

• purchasing links from another site with the aim of getting PageRank instead of traffic

Make use of free webmaster tools

Major search engines, including Google, provide free tools for webmasters. Google’s Webmaster Tools help webmasters better control how Google interacts with their websites and get useful information from Google about their site. Using Webmaster Tools won’t help your site get preferential treatment; however, it can help you identify issues that, if addressed, can help your site perform better in search results. With the service, webmasters can:

• see which parts of a site Googlebot had problems crawling

• upload an XML Sitemap file

analyze and generate robots.txt files

remove URLs already crawled by Googlebot

specify the preferred domain

identify issues with title and description meta tags

• understand the top searches used to reach a site

• get a glimpse at how Googlebot sees pages

remove unwanted sitelinks that Google may use in results

receive notification of quality guideline violations and file for a site reconsideration

Yahoo! (Yahoo! Site Explorer) and Microsoft (Live Search Webmaster Tools) also offer free tools for webmasters.

Take advantage of web analytics services

If you’ve improved the crawling and indexing of your site using Google Webmasters Tools or other services, you’re probably curious about the traffic coming to your site. Web analytics programs like Google Analytics are a valuable source of insight for this. You can use these to:

• get insight into how users reach and behave on your site

• discover the most popular content on your site

• measure the impact of optimizations you make to your site (e.g. did changing those title and description meta tags improve traffic from search engines?)

For advanced users, the information an analytics package provides, combined with data from your server log files, can provide even more comprehensive information about how visitors are interacting with your documents (such as additional keywords that searchers might use to find your site).

Lastly, Google offers another tool called Google Website Optimizer that allows you to run experiments to find what on-page changes will produce the best conversion rates with visitors. This, in combination with Google Analytics and Google Webmaster Tools (see our video on using the “Google Trifecta“), is a powerful way to begin improving your site.

Helpful resources for webmasters

Google Webmaster Help Group - Have questions or feedback on our guide? Let us know Google Webmaster Central Blog - Frequent posts by Googlers on how to improve your website Google Webmaster Help Center - Filled with in-depth documentation on webmaster-related issues Google Webmaster Tools - Optimize how Google interacts with your website Google Webmaster Guidelines - Design, content, technical, and quality guidelines from Google Google Analytics - Find the source of your visitors, what they’re viewing, and benchmark changes Google Website Optimizer - Run experiments on your pages to see what will work and what won’t Tips on Hiring an SEO - If you don’t want to go at it alone, these tips should help you choose an SEO company

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Resumen webmaster chat Octubre 2008

October 24th, 2008

Por cortesía de Pedro Serrano, os adjunto el resumen de las preguntas/respuestas mas destacadas del webmaster chat hasta Octubre del 2008.

Muy interesante :-)

Resumen del Webmaster Chat del 23/10/2008

What weight does the age of a site and the amount of time a domain is registered for have on it’s search placement?

Matt Cutts: In the majority of cases, it actually doesn’t matter–we want to return the best information, not just the oldest information. Especially if you’re a mom/pop site, we try to find ways to rank your site even if your site is newer or doesn’t have many links. I think it is fair for Google to use that as a signal in some circumstances, and I try never to rule a signal out completely, but I wouldn’t obsess about it.

Recently, you removed this suggestion: “Submit your site to relevant directories such as the Open Directory Project and Yahoo!” from your guidelines. Is there any chance that you will be discounting these kinds of links for ranking value in future?

Matt Cutts: There’s always the chance that we’ll discount directory links in the future. What we were seeing was quite a few novice people would see the “directory” recommendation and go out and just try to submit to a ton of directories, even if some of the directories were lower-quality or even fly-by-night directories that weren’t great for users. Right now we haven’t changed how we’re weighting directory links–we’ve only removed the directory suggestion from the webmaster guidelines.

Since Google is against using ranking software (ie:WebCeO) to monitor SERP rankings, is there any plans on Google creating an approved, in-house rank check application that webmasters can use?

Matt Cutts: It’s something that we’ve talked about. My concern is that sometimes people get too worried with paying attention to their “trophy phrase” and want to rank for that even if that’s not the best phrase for them, or concentrating on one phrase to the exclusion of all the other stuff they rank for isn’t the best idea. I think paying attention to server logs or analytics data gets you a really nice array of keywords that are practical to work on. But this is feedback that we’ve heard, and personally I think it would be nice if we offered this for some reasonable size of keywords.

Do inbound links from other sites owned by the same company help or hurt rank?

Matt Cutts: I find that inbound links from the same company tend to break down into two camps. You’ll find mom/pops that have a very few sites in one camp, and that can make sense if those sites are linked; in the other camp, I’ve see SEOs have 1000 or 2000 different domains and cross-link them. I definitely would not recommend that.

I think a lot of the litmus test in my mind is whether it makes sense to a regular person for those domains to be interlinked. If you look at a product like Coke, people aren’t surprised to see that they have coca-cola.co.nz and several other domains. If you go to coke.com, it’s perfectly reasonable to ask users which country they’re coming from, and then send them to one of a bunch of domains. But if a regular user lands on example.com and finds 20 or 30 cross-links at the bottom of the page and they look like off-topic or cookie-cutter or spammy domains, that’s going to look bad to almost anyone.

Will Webmaster Tools ever give us an option to “disassociate” from sites that link to us? This feature exists in Yahoo’s Site Explorer, but not Webmaster Tools.

Matt Cutts: So far because we work really hard to make it so that one site can’t hurt another site, we haven’t really offered this. It’s something that people have suggested and we’ve thought about though. Part of the challenge would be if a site owner wanted to disassociate a bunch of links from their site. If you have a ton of links pointing to your site, scanning all of them would get really tiring. So that’s a challenge, and since we haven’t seen a need for it yet, that’s why we haven’t offered it yet.

Sitemaps question: If my website has an extremely large number of pages, like Amazon.com, should I include every single URL that I want indexed in my XML sitemap? If not, how should I go about populating my XML sitemap?

Wysz: Feel free to use your Sitemap to list all of your pages… that’s what it’s for! :) However, if you have many duplicate URLs for the same content, then you may want to only list your preferred versions of the URLs in your Sitemap.

Are .gov and .edu back links still considered more “link juice” than the common back link?

Matt Cutts: This is a common misconception–you don’t get any PageRank boost from having an .edu link or .gov link automatically. Hah John, I beat you to it! If you get an .edu link and no one is linking to that .edu page, you’re not going to get any PageRank at all because that .edu page doesn’t have any PageRank.

In addition to a XML sitemap, does it make any sense to have also an HTML sitemap on the same website? Does HTML sitemap helps improve the rating?

JhonMu: A HTML sitemap file can help search engines, especially those that don’t use XML Sitemap files. Also, the 404 widget in Webmaster Tools (which you can place on your 404 pages) will use “/sitemap.htm” and similar files to help users to find the content they’re looking for. So yes, I would recommend making HTML sitemap files, however I’d focus on the user and not the search engines.

Suppose my website supports English and French. Should the English version of a particular page and the French version have different URLs? Any other best practices for multi-lingual site architecture?

Matt Cutts: If you can afford it, I would do domain.com and domain.fr. If that’s not possible, I would consider doing en.domain.com and fr.domain.com. If that’s not possible, then domain.com/en and domain.com/fr can work. In webmaster tools, you can geographically target a site (and I believe parts of a site such as fr.domain.com), which will help as well.

What weightage is given to the links from social networking sites and blogs?

Nathan J.: I would treat social sites and blogs the same as any other site

Does the geotargeting feature in Webmaster tools hold as much weight as having a country-specific TLD?

Kaspar aka Guglarz: Google uses a bunch of signals like location of the server or the TLD in order to determine which users might be interested in the sites content. Geotargeting is a way for webmasters who use non country specific TLD’s like .net/ to tell Google which your target group was, if the site is specifically targeted to users from a particular area. Think of the site of a small, local hardware store or a vet for example. Potentially, their main target users would be people living in the nearby area. Geotargeting is not to be used for language targeting though.

Do you feel that the webmaster should be informed in case of a manual penalty & the reconsideration requests should be looked into more seriously in case of a manual penalty?

Kaspar aka Guglarz: That is a very good question, that we are being asked on a regular basis. So, imagine you have a site on which you add original content and/or tools on a regular basis.
If it has been hacked and contains hidden content/links or you are a website owner and your webmaster did something he/she was not aware of being outside Google webmaster guidelines, like a 0 seconds redirection. In that case chances are high you would be informed about a temporary removal from Google results via Google Webmaster Tools. The message will surely contain hints regarding the problem on the site. Once you have fixed it, your reconsideration request will be reviewed very carefully.

On the other hand, if you have a couple of hundreds of identical sites with - for example - scraped content from other sites, these are not adding any value to the Internet and I would not expect any notifications from Google.

Some blackhat linked to my blog from 300+ adult splogs as revenge for calling him out. My blog had #1 ranking for it’s keywords, now it is on the second page at best. Can mass amounts of links from “bad neighborhoods” cause a drop in site ranking?

Nathan J.: We work hard to make sure a site can’t have a negative effect on another site. Feel free to report spam if you think you find some - https://www.google.com/webmasters/tools/spamreport.

Will too much of “rel=nofollow” or totally “nofollow” to all outgoing links by the author of a blog be stamped as over optimization and penalized? Is there any penalty for over optimization sort of stuff?

JhonMu: I wouldn’t worry about this, Raj. I would try to work on making the site as natural as possible.

Is the bounce rate and speed taken into account when ranking a page? i.e. if you see a searcher click on a result then return very quickly and choose another result, is the first page ranked lower?

JhonMu: Hi chrisff, assuming that users will be jumping out of a site like that, there’s a high probability that they won’t be willing to recommend it to others (or come back themselves). So yes, indirectly at least, if a site is made in a way that users run away right away, then chances are that we might not be recommending it as much as other sites that users like (and recommend to others).

Many believe that to rank well, you simply need “quality” backlinks. But how important is having your keywords in the , and throughout your site? Is keyword density of any importance to show what the page is about? What % is suggested?

Wysz: Links are just one factor involved in Google’s ranking of pages. We look at both on-page and off-page content, so what you have on your page can be an essential part of ranking. However, there is no recommended “keyword density.” Your content should be high quality and written for users. If you try writing for search engines, the language can become very unnatural, which may end up hurting you more than it helps.

How will social media or more specifically share of comments (buzz about a brand) influence the serps?

Mayle Ohye: Social media is great! But, there are a few things to say about this… Social media can add buzz to your site, finding new visitors, people linking to you, etc. That’s a bonus and the more users that enjoy your content, often the better your site will show in SERPs. We want results to reflect what users are searching for, so social buzz can certainly be helpful.

A few things to note: 1. If you allow user-generated content on your site, remember to monitor for spam. 2. Also, if you’re looking to get buzz to directly help your site in SERPs, know that we normally don’t crawl javascript, so if it’s hosted in javascript you’ll still get the user traffic from the buzz (which can eventualy lead better rankings), but the user comments themselves won’t be indexed. 3. If you want to get the user-generated content associated with your site (as part of your URLs), then make sure you host the user-generated content on your domain (so it’s not link to a separate site).

Does inconsistent capitalization of URLs cause duplicate content issues and dilution of page rank? For example www.site.com/abc vs www.site.com/Abc. On Windows hosts, these are the same page, but are different pages on Unix hosts.

JhonMu: Hi John, based on the existing standards, URLs are case-sensitive, so yes, these would be seen as separate URLs. Since the content on the URLs is the same, we’ll generally recognize that and only keep one of them. However, we’d recommend that you try to keep all links going to one version of the URL. Keep in mind that this also applies to robots.txt files.

Can my site be penalized if somebody else uses ranking check software on it?

Kaspar aka Guglarz: No! Don’t worry abut that :-)

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